Anxiety Disorders

 

Anxiety Disorders

Fears are a natural part of life. However, if they get out of hand, the quality of life of those affected suffers considerably. In technical jargon, this is called an anxiety disorder. What exactly is behind this phenomenon, how it manifests itself, and what treatment options are available are just some of the aspects discussed in the following paragraphs.

Anxiety Versus Anxiety Disorder: A Start

Everyone is familiar with fear. It occurs in a weaker form, for example, before upcoming challenges. Be it a class test, a driving test, or an interview: Situations in which we have to prove our skills and knowledge can increase the fear of failure. A constructive way of dealing with things is to use this fear as a drive, for example, to prepare even more intensively for the respective event.

 

Fear also plays an essential role as a warning signal. If a situation or a person is alleged as threatening, this is expressed in that unpleasant feeling. This is often accompanied by an immediate thought of fleeing, which encourages those affected to find solutions and implement them as soon as possible.

 

However, it becomes dangerous when the fear is so great that it has the opposite effect and controls and restricts the patient's actions. If the fear has a paralyzing effect, if it persists, and if it shows up again and again at regular intervals, one speaks of an anxiety disorder. It is significant here that those affected' natural protective functions are disturbed, and a more passive and defensive attitude occurs, which increasingly encroaches on all areas of life.

 

Anxiety Disorders as a Widespread Phenomenon: Definition and Forms

Anxiety is not uncommon in today's society, characterized by pressure to perform and stress. With the pathological variant, a distinction is finished between different forms.

 

·        Phobic anxiety, for example, describes a feeling of restlessness that can be triggered by particular objects and situations. Those affected are usually aware that their fears are unfounded.

·        The arbitrariness with which it occurs is characteristic of generalized fear. Accordingly, those affected cannot determine an external trigger for their discomfort.

·        Panic attacks, on the other hand, occur suddenly, unpredictably, and at intervals for no apparent reason. Another distinctive feature is their high intensity.

Phobic Anxiety: The many faces of phobias

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Phobias are divided into different subgroups.

 

A specific phobia is the anxiety of a particular situation or object. This anxiety disorder is expressed, for example, in the form of

 

·        Fear of flying,

·        Fear of heights,

·        Anxiety in enclosed spaces and

·        Afraid of spiders as well as other insects and animals.

Agoraphobia, in turn, refers to the fear of distant places or crowds - i.e., situations that make up the person can not withdraw quickly. This leads to the fact that the sick avoid crowds and public areas, among other things, and rarely stay outside their familiar surroundings. It is essential to hide symptoms such as dizziness and involuntary urine loss from other people.

 

With a so-called social phobia, those affected try to avoid situations in which they focus. Accordingly, for example, presenting one's study results to an audience can cause symptoms such as

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·        Shaking hands,

·        Blush,

·        Nausea as well

·        avoiding eye contact

trigger. A social phobia is often accompanied by a fear of criticism and primary inferiority complexes.

 

The course is often chronic and results in the social isolation of those affected, who try to avoid the fear-inducing situations and therefore cut themselves off entirely from the outside world.

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