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Cancer
Cancer is a
variety of diseases in the course of which the uncontrolled reproduction of
degenerate cells destroys healthy tissue. After cardiovascular diseases, cancer
is the most common cause of death.
What is Cancer?
Cancer
involves abnormal changes in the body's cells. This leads to an increase in cancer
cells. If the body cells are healthy, their growth, development, and division
and their death proceed without any problems. However, this regulation is
absent for cancer cells. So they divide again and again so that they eventually
form a lump. Doctors also refer to malignant cancer cells as malignant cells.
These cells penetrate deeper and deeper into adjacent tissue, where they
multiply and destroy the healthy tissue more and more.
Doctors
often speak of a cancerous tumor. A tumor is a hardening or swelling. However,
there are also benign tumors. Benign tumors include lipomas (fatty growths),
birthmarks, hemangiomas (vascular growths), and myomas (muscle cell growths).
The difference between benign tumors and malignant tumors is that no cells from
them get into healthy tissue. On the other hand, malignant tumors can lead to
the development of so-called metastases (daughter tumors).
What
types of cancer are there?
Medical
professionals differentiate between two different types of cancer. It refers to
· solid (firm or hard) tumors as well
· malignant hemoblastosis.
The group of
solid tumors includes carcinomas that arise from degenerate skin cover cells
(epithelial cells), gland cells, or mucous membrane cells, as well as sarcomas
that are partly formed from muscle cells, bone cells, fat cells, or degenerated
connective tissue cells.
The
emergence of malicious haemoblastoses carried from the blood cell components or
blood-forming organs. Leukemia is a form of hemoblastosis.
What are
the most common cancers?
In total,
there are more than 300 various types of cancer. Their frequency varies
according to gender. In particular, women suffer from :
· Breast cancer
· Colon cancer
· Lung cancer
· Uterine body cancer
· Skin cancer
· Pancreatic cancer
· Non-Hodgkin lymphoma
· Ovarian cancer
· Stomach cancer
· Kidney cancer
The most
common cancers in men are:
· Prostate cancer
· Lung cancer
· Colon cancer
· Bladder cancer
· Skin cancer
· Kidney cancer
· Oral and throat cancer
· Non-Hodgkin lymphoma
· Pancreatic cancer
· Leukemia (blood cancer)
· Liver cancer
Causes
and Risk Factors
Despite the
intensive research efforts, it has still not been possible to fathom the exact
causes of cancer. Numerous risk factors are believed to have an impact on the
development of cancer. In some cases, genetic triggers are hidden behind a
cancerous disease. But the lifestyle of the people affected is also essential.
The most important risk factors include:
· a genetic predisposition
· an unhealthy diet such as overeating
red meat, excessive consumption of alcohol, and a lack of fiber, fruits, and
vegetables, all of which increase the risk of gastrointestinal cancers
· Tobacco consumption, which can be
responsible for the development of lung cancer or cancers of the respiratory
tract
· ionizing radiation such as X-rays,
radon rays, or radiation accidents
· Environmental toxins
· intense UV radiation that can cause
skin cancer
· certain infections such as human
papillomavirus (HPV) infections or hepatitis B infections.
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